Ⅰ 怎麼做賓語從句
在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句.
時態:1·主句用一般現在時,從句可用任意時。
2·主句用過去時,從句用過去某個時態。
3·主句用過去時,從句是真理時,只用一般現在時。
1.賓語從句的連接詞
從屬連詞
連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.
that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示「是否」的賓語從句.
He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告訴我他下一年上大學.
I don』t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否還會有公交車.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
沒人知道他是否會通過考試.
連接代詞
連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道誰贏了這一局紅警游戲嗎?
I don』t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道你該依靠誰.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
這本書會告訴你最好的執行總裁該了解些什麼.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎?
連接副詞
連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn』t tell me when we should meet again.
他沒有告訴我什麼時候我們能再見面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
你能展示給我怎麼用這個新的操作盤嗎?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪裡買到.
2.動詞的賓語從句
大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.
部分「動詞+副詞」結構也可以帶賓語從句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我發現這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend ring the trip?
你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎?
動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句
常見的這些詞有:
make sure確保 make up one』s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.
可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句
①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等後面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句後置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven』t been to the get-together.
我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天寫日記成了習慣.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.
②有些動詞帶賓語從句時尋要在賓語與從句前加it
這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我們認為你會同意我們的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
開啟發動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處於空擋位置.
③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我們發現我們所學到的東西都是有用的.
3.介詞的賓語從句
用wh-類的介詞賓語從句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
這本新書是關於神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句
有時候except,but,besides三個介詞後可見到that引導的賓語從句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
對於我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.
4.形容詞的賓語從句
常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我確信我會通過考試.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.
5.if,whether在賓語從句中的區別
①if和whether在作「是否」解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之後,介詞後一般不用if
②少數動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt後的賓語從句常用whether.
③whether後可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④在不定式前只能用whether.
如: I can』t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。
⑤避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.
6.哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導詞that
當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;
當賓語從句較長時;
當主語狀語置於主句尾,賓語從句之前時;
當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;
當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時第一個that可以省略,第二個that不可以省略;
當賓語從句中的主語是this,that或this,that做主語的定語時;
當賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時;
當賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或主語從句時;
當主語中的謂語動詞是固定片語時;
當賓語從句有it做其先行詞時;
在直接引語中,轉述分句把賓語從句隔開時.
7.賓語從句的否定轉移
主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,並且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.
I don』t think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won』t come to my party.
我認為他不會來我的舞會.
I don』t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?
如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我們發現他從來不仔細聽老師講課,是不是?
8.賓語從句的時態和語序
當主句為現在時或將來時的時候,賓語從句的時態一般不受主句的時態所影響.
當主句為過去時的時候
①從句用一般過去時或過去進行時表示與主句謂語動詞動作同時發生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn』t know what country he was in.
我只知道他當時在西方的一個國家讀書,可不知道是哪個國家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他問我他進來的時候我是否正在讀<<老人與海>>.
②從句過去完成時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告訴我他已經把有關會議的事情告訴的了Mary.
③從句謂語用過去將來時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之後
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
記者問政府是否會採取必要的措施鎮壓騷亂.
如果從句是一個客觀真理,那麼從句的時候不根據主句的時態而變化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉.
當賓語從句的引導詞是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑問時,不能按正常語序安排,經常將這類引導詞置於句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你認為今年公眾會選誰為他們最喜歡的歌手.
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本二)
賓語從句,即:在主句中擔當賓語的從句。學習賓語從句要抓住三要素:連接詞、語序和時態。
連接詞一般都是that(指事務或人),which(指事),who(指人)
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇連接詞that或將that省略,直接與主句相連。
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇連接詞if或whether。在whether…ornot結構中不能用if替換。
3.從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代、副詞作連接詞。
注意:當who為主語時,句式為:who+謂語+其他三:判斷時態情況:
1。主句是一般現在時,從句為各種時態情況
2。主句是一般過去時,從句為各種相應過去時態注意:從句描繪客觀事實,用一般現在時
1. The teacher told the children that the sun____ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I believe that our team____ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don』t know____ to visit the old man.
A. whether B. if C. that D. who
4.The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.
A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
答:選B,動詞reach後接賓語從句,從句缺少賓語,where不可,which引導賓語從句時表疑問含義「哪一個…」而此句中並非疑問含義,不知道哪一座廟宇,而是用what從句表陳述含義,意「過去的一座舊廟宇」;temple後為對其修飾的定語從句,用關系代詞which代替,並在從句中作動詞used的賓語,use sth. as…「把…用作…
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本三)
賓語從句,在復合句中作賓語,位於及物動詞後;
eg. Tell him which class you are in .
Do you know what he likes?
註:(1)主、從句時態一致:
主句謂語過去時,從句相應過去時;
He answered that he was listening to me.
主句謂語現在時,從句時態任所需;
eg. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.
They know (that) he is working hard.
具體過去永不變,真理格言現在時;
eg.He told me that he was born in 1980.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
(2)否定前移,及完成反意問句;
在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等動詞後跟賓語從句否定式時,應轉移到主句上去,完成反意問句時,應與從句主、謂保持一致。(注: 否定前移的條件是,主句主語是第一人稱)
eg. I don't think you are right ,are you ?
I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?
(3)在表示建議 suggest , advise
要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose;
決定 decide;
命令 order、command;
堅決主張 insist;
等動詞後跟賓語從句,用(should)+v.(虛擬語氣)
eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we should go out at once.
(4)如果賓語從句後有賓語補語,用it作形式賓語,把賓語從句後置
eg.You may think it strange that he would live there.
(5)賓語從句that常可省略,但在以下情況下不能省略
A.當主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,可以省略第一個that,其他不能省略。
eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter.
B.當it作形式賓語時
eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.
C.當賓語從句前置時
eg.That our team will win,I believe.
[編輯本段]賓語從句(版本四)
一 定義:
賓語從句就是一個句子作動詞或介詞的賓語。
A 作動詞的賓語:
I heard the news.
主語 謂語動詞 名詞作賓語
I heard that he would come here later on.
主語 謂語動詞 一個句子作賓語---賓語從句
B 作介詞的賓語:
He said nothing about the plan.
主語 謂語動詞 代詞作動詞的賓語 介詞 名詞作介詞的賓語
He said nothing about who broke the window last night.
主語 謂語動詞 代詞作動詞的賓語 介詞 一個句子作介詞的賓語
二 帶有賓語從句的復合句的構成:
帶有賓語從句的復合句就是用連接詞把一個主句和一個賓語從句連接在一起。連接詞有:that(可省略),what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.
1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.
賓語
2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.
間接賓語 直接賓語
3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.
間接賓語 直接賓語
4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.
who hadn』t passed the exam.
when she would leave this building.
why she cried last night.
where she was going to study.
which student was his partner in the short play.
if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.
how she managed to solve the problem.
why water flows from a high position to a lower position.
在例子4中,當主句是過去時態時(一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時),從句根據不同情況必須使用過去時態的一種,(大自然的現象和真理除外)。
5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.
who broke the window yesterday.
when I can have a holiday.
why I failed the exam yesterday.
where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.
which book is the best one.
if (whether) I have passed the exam.
how my cat escaped from the room last night.
在例子5中,當主語是現在時態時(一般現在時,現在進行時,一般將來時,現在完成時),從句可根據不同情況使用各種時態。
三 注意:
A 賓語從句必須用陳述語序。
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有時候可以用it 作形式賓語,而把真正的賓語從句放在後面。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.
Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.
Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.
Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.
C 帶有賓語從句的復合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
Bad: I think he doesn』t like the English teacher.
Good: I don』t think he likes the English teacher.
D 主句一般過去時態,從句也要用過去時態;具體細節請看第一部分。
False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.
Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.
Ⅱ 怎樣快速學會賓語從句
首先,得知道主從句之分
然後,分的清從句在主句中起什麼作用
最後,最重要的是,找到主句主語和謂語,就不怕長難句了
Ⅲ 英語語法賓語從句怎樣學
賓語從句從以下幾個方面學習:
1、什麼叫賓語從句,了解他的定義,這樣才能在做閱讀理解時能快速的分辨句子結構,提高閱讀能力。
2、賓語從句的引導詞。初中階段有三類 a,由that引導的賓語從句,表面從句沒有任何疑問語氣,是一個事實或者說是陳述句。that在從句中不做任何成分,可以省略。 b、由if或whether引導的賓語從句,表明從句是一般疑問語氣,if或whether不做成分,不可省略。 c、由關系代詞或關系副詞引導的賓語從句,如where、who、why、how much apples 等等。這類引導詞在從句中做相應的成分,不可省略。所以做題時,通過還原方式看看這些引導詞在從句中做什麼成分很是重要。
3、賓語從句的三大原則。a、引導詞提前,b、從句陳述形式, c、主句和從句時態一致。
4、賓語從句的特殊情況:a、當從句是真理時,是永遠不變的,所以用現在時態表示,不受前面主句時態的影響。b、當主句和從句的主語一致時,一般可以改寫成簡單句即(關系代詞或關系副詞+不定時結構)I don't know where I should go(I don't know where to go.)不過在這類結構中if to do 不能用,要用whether to do.c、當賓語從句的引導詞本身在從句中做主語是,尤其要注意他的語序。He asked me what was the matter。這句中what was the matter本身就是陳述形式,因為what本身就是主語。d、賓語從句中的介詞提前問題。引導詞如果做介詞的賓語,從句末尾的介詞要保留。Did you know who he was looking after ?因為who 做(look after )這個片語的賓語,所以after要保留。因為look after 是一個不可分割的片語,所以after不可提到who的前面,但是搭配鬆散的介詞是可以的。I don't know from whom he borrowed a book。
5、最後是要多練習。多思考。祝你成功。
Ⅳ 賓語從句的語法
賓語從句的使用方法有很多.一句兩句講不完.
我們從概念上理解賓語從句.
賓語從句,即用做賓語成分的從屬句子.一般情況下,它可以獨立作為一個句子(一般疑問句除外),但在做從句的時候,整個句子則作為一個句子成分:賓語.
那麼使用方法上來看,首先,賓語需要有一個謂語來組合成句子結構.
我們從你給的句子入手.你的句子中有一個詞我沒看懂:thoust.我覺得應該是單詞thought--"認為"的意思.
Wang Ming thought that the TV play ________(be)very boring.
王明認為這個電視節目很無聊.
在漢語翻譯中,我們可以看出:"這個電視節目很無聊"實際上就是所謂的"從句",作為一個陳述句,它本身可以獨立作為一個句子,也可以整個句子作為一個句子成分:賓語.它的謂語動詞就是"認為".那麼回到英文句子中,就十分容易理解了.the TV play ________(be)very boring是從句,thought作為它的賓語.首先,我們可以確定從句中的be應該填寫成正常形式(而不需要變成being或者be之類的不完整形式).再結合它的謂語動詞thought的時態以及語意,那麼我們就確定了空里應該填寫的be的形式:was(一般過去時).
通過這個例子,我相信樓主大概明白了賓語從句的基本概念和大致用法.說到英語中賓語從句,就必須要說其中的連接詞.根據賓語從句的內容不同,連接詞也各不相同.一般來說有以下幾種情況:
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇連接詞that或將that省略,直接與主句相連.(樓主的例子)
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇連接詞if或whether.在whether…or not結構中不能用if替換.(例:I don't know whether to visit him or not.其中or not可以省略)
3.從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑問代、副詞作連接詞.(其中有很多微妙的不同用法,這里希望你可以認真查找書籍或詢問老師.)
做題時還要特別注意主從句之間時態的一致性:
1.主句用一般現在時,從句可用任意時態.
2.主句用過去時,從句用過去某個時態.
3.主句用過去時,從句是真理時,只用一般現在時.
就寫這么多了,辛苦我了^_^樓主覺得滿意的話,希望可以再加點分給我...祝樓主學業有成~
Ⅳ 如何造賓語從句的句子
賓語從句,就是以句子作為賓語。首先把句子改為正常語序,如合並 i asked him和
what are you doing,那首先就把what are you doing 改為正常語序 what you are doing,接著,因為我是問他,所以應該把you 改為他,即:what he is doing,接著,與ask對應時態一致,is 改為was, 所以,最後,句子應該是:i asked him what he was doing.其他的類似。
先把句子改為正常語序,然後人稱和數一致,最後合並。
一樣的道理啊,比如i want to know和whose cat is it按照我給你的方法,就成了i want to know whose cat it is.你按照:先正常語序,再人稱和數一致,就可以了。
Ⅵ 賓語從句怎麼做
賓語從句與中考試題
學習賓語從句並不難,只要你能過好下面的三道關:
第一關,選好連接詞(也有人叫關聯詞)。
引導賓語從句的連接詞,課本上寫有三類,但從學習的角度看分為四類更為實用。
1.連詞that:只起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,也無詞彙意義,在口語中或非正式文體中常被省略。例如: 1)He knew(that)he should work hard.
2)I am glad(that)you've passed the exam.
2.連詞whether或if:它們起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,作「是否」解,口語中多用if。例如: 3)Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?
4)Tom didn't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.
作「是否」解的if和whether在具體用法上差別較大,同學們不易掌握。在賓語從句中用whether沒有用if時受到那麼多限制。例如:
5)He asked me whether or not I was coming.他問我是否要來。(該句中的whether不能換成if,因為if不能與or連用。)
3.連接代詞who,whom ,whose,what, which:它們起連接作用,作句子成分,各有其自己的意義。例如:
6)The teacher asked the new student which class he was in?(武漢市)(which引導賓語從句,在從句中作定語,修飾class,意為「哪個」。)
7)Can you tell me whom he is waiting for?(天津市)
4.連接副詞when,where, why,how:起連接作用,分別作時間、地點、原因、方式狀語,各有其自己的意義。例如:
8)I wonder where he got so much money.對他從哪裡弄到那麼多錢我感到疑惑。(where在從句中作地點狀語,修飾got,意為「哪裡;什麼地方」。)
9)He didn't tell me how old his friend was.(四川省)(how引導賓語從句,作程度狀語,修飾old,意為「怎樣;如何」等意。)
第二關,牢記賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序,即「連接詞+主語+謂語+其他」。這里特別強調的是,它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述句的語序,不是疑問句的倒裝語序。例如: 10)You must remember what your teacher said.
11)—Dad,do you know when the football game will start?
—In half an hour.(寧波市)
12)漢譯英:你能不能告訴我,我們去看望誰?
誤:Can you tell me who(m)do we have to see?
正:Can you tell me who(m)we have to see?
錯句的錯誤出在賓語從句中誤用了疑問句的結構——主語前加了個助動詞do。因為我們已經習慣了特殊疑問句,如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris?就順口說出「Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris?」這種錯誤句子來。但是一旦我們注意了,我們不久就習慣於說「Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris?」了。
第三關,注意時態的呼應。 賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態,常常受主句謂語時態的制約,這種現象稱為「時態的呼應」。例如:
13)漢譯英:我原以為你今天有空的。 誤:I thought(that)you are free today.
正:I thought(that)you would be free today.
錯句中賓語從句用are很可能是因為有 today,但因為主句謂語是thought,所以從句謂語就該用過去將來時would be了。
這種時態的呼應,如果主句謂語是現在時或將來時,賓語從句的謂語時態不受限制,如上述例句2),3),7),8),10),11),12)。如果主句時態是過去時,賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應的過去時(即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等)。例如: 14)He thought he was working for the people.
15)I heard she had been to the Great W all.
16)John hoped that he would find a job soon.
但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恆真理等,則不變化:
17)The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
鞏固與檢測請做下列2002年中考題:
1.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.(北京市東城區)
A.that B.how C.what D.if
2.—I don't know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.(杭州市)
A.why B.when C.how D.where
3.—We never know _____ the old m an is. —They say he is a teacher. A.what B.who C.which D.where
4.I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A.that how B.how that C.when that D.that when
5.—Do you know _____ ?I'm going to see him. —Sorry,I don't know.(北京市海淀區) A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live
C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived
6.—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer?
—Sorry,I have no idea.(南京市)
A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.does;buy
7.I don't feel very well.Mum asked me _____this morning.(重慶市)
A. what the matter is B.what is wrong
C.what the matter was D.what wrong was
8.—Where is Jack?
—He is away to spend his holiday.He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but I'm not sure _____ .(南昌市)
A.that B.which C.where D.there
Key: 賓語從句與中考試題 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
Ⅶ 怎麼快速判斷賓語從句
用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句(object clause)。引導賓語從句的關聯詞有從屬連詞、疑問代詞、疑問副詞、縮合連接代詞、縮合連接副詞等。如:
He told us he felt ill. 他對我們說他感到不舒服。(關聯詞是從屬連詞 that)
I know he has returned. 我知道他已經回來了。(在非正式文體中關聯詞that被省去)
That he ever said such a thing I simply don』t believe. 我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。(that從句位於句首時,that不可省去)
We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. 鑒於他的特殊情況,我們決定應允他一段試用期。(主句謂語動詞decided與that從句之間有插入語,that不可省去)
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我懷疑他是否會成功。(關聯詞是從屬連詞whether)
I don』t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否幫助我。
Who or what he was, Martin never learned. 他是什麼人?他是干什麼的?馬丁根本不知道。(關聯詞是疑問代詞who和what。從句位於句首是為了強調)
I wonder what the problem is. 我不知道這個問題出在哪裡。(關聯詞是疑問代詞what)
I don't understand why they didn't come. 我不知道他們為什麼沒有來。(關聯詞是疑問副詞why)
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。(關聯詞是縮合連接代詞what)
I should like to see where you live, Jon. 我想去看看你住的地方,喬恩。(關聯詞是縮合連接副詞where)
賓語從句亦可用作介詞的賓語,如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他對那天發生的事感到很不快。(what引導的從句是介詞by的賓語)
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。(where引導的從句是介詞to的賓語)
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要說什麼。(what引導的從句是復合介詞as to的賓語)
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功將主要取決於你做什麼和怎樣做。(what和how引導的從句是介詞upon的賓語)
有時介詞可以省去。如:
I don』t care (for) who marries him. 我不管誰跟他結婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做這件事的方式。
有時全句可用引詞it作為形式賓語。如:
He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 他很明確地說他更喜歡學習英語。(真實賓語that從句前有形式賓語it)
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我會幫助你。(真實賓語that從句前有形式賓語it)
I thought it rather odd that he hadn't come to the party which he had been looking forward to so much. 我認為他竟沒來參加他如此期待的派對真是令人訝異。(真實賓語前有形式賓語it)
有時現在分詞亦可後跟賓語從句,如:
He has just gone away saying that he will return in an hour. 他剛走,說他一小時後回來。(that引導的從句是現在分詞saying的賓語)
希望我能幫助你解疑釋惑。
Ⅷ 賓語從句好難啊 到底該怎麼該啊 求教方法
找到引導詞
遵循主將從現原則
Ⅸ 英語的賓語從句的知識
在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
1.語序
無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序,即「主句+連詞+賓語從句(主語+謂語+……)」句式。根據連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分,可分為以下四種:
1)連接詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有: who,what,which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什麼東西?
2)連接詞+名詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老師問我們房間里有多少人。
3)連接詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充當任何成分)等。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?
4)連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪個班嗎?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
2.連接詞
1)當由陳述句充當賓語從句時,用that引導,that無詞義,在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。
2)當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時,用if或whether引導,意為「是否」。如:
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道這么多年後他是否還住在這兒。
但在下列情況下只能用whether:
①在具有選擇意義,又有or或or not時,尤其是直接與or not連用時,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)讓我知道他是否能來。
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我們是去還是留。
②在介詞之後用whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如:
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。
④whether置於句首時,不能換用if。如:
Whether this is true or not,I can't say.這是否真的我說不上來。
⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能來還是個問題。
The question is whether we can catch the bus.問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。
⑥若用if會引起歧義時,則用whether。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解為:
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。
b.If you like the book,please let me know.你如果喜歡這本書,請告訴我。
3)如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導。如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告訴我今天早上你為什麼開會遲到嗎?
3.時態
含賓語從句的復合句,主、從句謂語動詞的時態呼應應包括以下三點內容:
1)如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時,從句的謂語動詞可根據需要,選用相應的任何時態。如:
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他將何時回來。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
2)如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時,賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據需要,選用過去時態即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子們不知道他是誰。
②He asked his father how it happened.他問他父親這件事是如何發生的。
3)如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現象或習慣性動作等,不管主句用什麼時態,從句時態都用一般現在時。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說地球繞著太陽轉。
4.注意:
if和when既可以引導賓語從句,也可以引導狀語從句,應注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導賓語從句時,分別意為「是否」和「何時」,其時態應和主句時態相呼應;它們引導狀語從句時,意思分別為「如果,假如」和「當……時候」,當主句時態是一般將來時時,其時態用一般現在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如:
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什麼時候回來嗎?
—Sorry,I don't know.When he comes back,I'll tell you.對不起,不知道。當他回來了,我將告訴你。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否會來。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨,他會來的。
簡化賓語從句常用六法
同學們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復合句轉化為簡單句,使其與原句意思相同(或相近)的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法:
方法一:當主句謂語動詞是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。例如:
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二:當主句謂語動詞是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等動詞,且主句主語與從句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如:
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
註:當主句謂語動詞是tell, ask, show, teach等動詞,且後帶雙賓語,從句主語和間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station?
方法三:當主句的謂語動詞是order(命令),require(需要)等時,如果主句和從句的主語不一致,賓語從句可簡化為「名詞(代詞)+不定式」結構。例如:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四:某些動詞後的賓語從句,可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。例如:
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn』t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn』t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五:某些動詞後面的賓語從句可轉化為「賓語+V-ing形式(作賓語補足語)」結構。例如:
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六:動詞seem後的賓語從句,也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化,但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如:
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外,還有一些特殊句式的轉化。例如:
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
Ⅹ 英語賓語從句
在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
1.語序
無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序,即「主句+連詞+賓語從句(主語+謂語+……)」句式。根據連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分,可分為以下四種:
1)連接詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有: who,what,which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什麼東西?
2)連接詞+名詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老師問我們房間里有多少人。
3)連接詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充當任何成分)等。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?
4)連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪個班嗎?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
2.連接詞
1)當由陳述句充當賓語從句時,用that引導,that無詞義,在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。
2)當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時,用if或whether引導,意為「是否」。如:
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道這么多年後他是否還住在這兒。
但在下列情況下只能用whether:
①在具有選擇意義,又有or或or not時,尤其是直接與or not連用時,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)讓我知道他是否能來。
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我們是去還是留。
②在介詞之後用whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如:
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。
④whether置於句首時,不能換用if。如:
Whether this is true or not,I can't say.這是否真的我說不上來。
⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能來還是個問題。
The question is whether we can catch the bus.問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。
⑥若用if會引起歧義時,則用whether。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解為:
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。
b.If you like the book,please let me know.你如果喜歡這本書,請告訴我。
3)如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導。如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告訴我今天早上你為什麼開會遲到嗎?
3.時態
含賓語從句的復合句,主、從句謂語動詞的時態呼應應包括以下三點內容:
1)如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時,從句的謂語動詞可根據需要,選用相應的任何時態。如:
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他將何時回來。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
2)如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時,賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據需要,選用過去時態即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子們不知道他是誰。
②He asked his father how it happened.他問他父親這件事是如何發生的。
3)如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現象或習慣性動作等,不管主句用什麼時態,從句時態都用一般現在時。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說地球繞著太陽轉。
4.注意:
if和when既可以引導賓語從句,也可以引導狀語從句,應注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導賓語從句時,分別意為「是否」和「何時」,其時態應和主句時態相呼應;它們引導狀語從句時,意思分別為「如果,假如」和「當……時候」,當主句時態是一般將來時時,其時態用一般現在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如:
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什麼時候回來嗎?
—Sorry,I don't know.When he comes back,I'll tell you.對不起,不知道。當他回來了,我將告訴你。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否會來。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨,他會來的。
簡化賓語從句常用六法
同學們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復合句轉化為簡單句,使其與原句意思相同(或相近)的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法:
方法一:當主句謂語動詞是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。例如:
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二:當主句謂語動詞是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等動詞,且主句主語與從句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如:
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
註:當主句謂語動詞是tell, ask, show, teach等動詞,且後帶雙賓語,從句主語和間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為「疑問詞+不定式」結構。例如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station?
方法三:當主句的謂語動詞是order(命令),require(需要)等時,如果主句和從句的主語不一致,賓語從句可簡化為「名詞(代詞)+不定式」結構。例如:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四:某些動詞後的賓語從句,可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。例如:
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn』t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn』t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五:某些動詞後面的賓語從句可轉化為「賓語+V-ing形式(作賓語補足語)」結構。例如:
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六:動詞seem後的賓語從句,也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化,但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如:
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外,還有一些特殊句式的轉化。例如:
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heav