A. ABC鍒嗘瀽娉曞強鍦ㄧ數鍟嗗垎鏋愪腑鐨勫簲鐢
ABC鍒嗙被娉曪紙Activity Based Classification錛夋槸鏍規嵁浜嬬墿鐨勪富瑕佺壒寰佸仛鍒嗙被鎺掑垪錛屼粠鑰屽疄鐜板尯鍒瀵瑰緟銆佸尯鍒綆＄悊鐨勪竴縐嶆柟娉曘侫BC娉曞垯鏄鐢卞笗緔鎵樹簩鍏娉曞垯琛嶇敓鍑烘潵鐨勪竴縐嶆硶鍒欍備笉鍚岀殑鏄錛屼簩鍏娉曞垯寮鴻皟鐨勬槸鎶撲綇鍏抽敭錛孉BC娉曞垯寮鴻皟鐨勬槸鍒嗘竻涓繪★紝騫跺皢綆＄悊瀵硅薄鍒掑垎涓篈銆丅銆丆涓夌被銆
鍦ˋBC鍒嗘瀽娉曚腑錛屽厛灝嗙洰鏍囨暟鎹鍒楀掑簭鎺掑簭錛岀劧鍚庡仛緔縐鐧懼垎姣旂粺璁★紝鏈鍚庡皢寰楀埌鐨勭瘡縐鐧懼垎姣旀寜鐓т笅闈㈢殑姣斾緥鍊煎垝鍒嗕負A銆丅銆丆涓夌被銆
ABC鍒嗘瀽娉曞父鐢ㄤ簬鐢靛晢榪愯惀媧誨姩鍒嗘瀽涓錛屽晢鍝丄BC鍒嗙駭鐨勫叧閿鎸囨爣鏄鈥滄敮浠樿漿鍖栫巼鈥濃滃晢鍝佸簱瀛樷濓紝 鏍規嵁榪欎袱涓鎸囨爣杞挎粴鎵鍒跺畾鐨勫垎綰ч昏緫錛屼互鍒ゅ畾鍟嗗搧鏄灞炰簬鍝涓綰х殑銆
鍟嗗搧鐨凙BC鍒嗙駭娉曢渶瑕佸皢鍒嗘瀽棰楃矑綺劇粏鍒版瘡涓嬈懼紡錛屽垎鏋愮浉瀵圭箒鏉傦紝鎵浠ヤ竴鑸鍙鏈夊湪搴楅摵榪涜屽ぇ鍨嬩績閿媧誨姩鏃舵墠浼氱敤鍒般備篃鏄鍥犱負鍙鏈夊簵閾哄湪澶у瀷淇冮攢媧誨姩鏃訛紝姣忎釜鍗曟懼晢鍝佹墍鎵胯澆鐨勬祦閲忎笌鎴愪氦鏁版嵁鎵嶈凍澶熷ぇ錛孉BC鍒嗙駭鎵嶆洿鏈夋剰涔夈
鍟嗗搧ABC鍒嗙駭鐨勯噸鐐瑰湪浜庘淎BC鐨勫垎綰ч昏緫鈥濄
1錛堿綰у晢鍝侊細
楂樺簱瀛樹笖鏈夐珮杞鍖栫巼鐨勫晢鍝侊紝鏍囪頒負A綾誨晢鍝併
鍥犱負榪欑被鍟嗗搧鏃㈢晠閿錛屽張鏈夎緝娣辯殑搴撳瓨浣滀負淇濋殰錛屽洜姝ゅ彲浠ヤ綔涓烘椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勪富鎺ㄥ晢鍝併傞渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄錛屽湪鎸戦堿綾誨晢鍝佹椂錛岃繕搴旀敞鎰忔ゆ懼晢鍝佺殑璁垮涓嶈兘澶浣庯紝鍚﹀垯錛屾病鏈夌粡榪団滃厖鍒嗏濇祦閲忔祴璇曠殑鍟嗗搧錛屽叾楂樿漿鍖栫巼鍙鑳芥槸鈥滀吉楂樿漿鍖栫巼鈥濄
2錛塀綰у晢鍝侊細
杞鍖栫巼涓絳夛紝涓旂粡榪囨祦閲忔祴璇曠殑鍟嗗搧錛屾爣璁頒負B綾誨晢鍝併
鐢變簬榪欑被鍟嗗搧緇忚繃嫻侀噺嫻嬭瘯錛岃璇佹槑瀵硅垮㈡湁涓瀹氬惛寮曞姏錛屼絾鍗翠笉濡侫綾誨晢鍝佽漿鍖栨槑鏄撅紝鎵浠ュ彲浠ョ戶緇淇濇寔褰撳墠鐨勯攢鍞瀹氫綅銆
B綰у晢鍝佷腑鏈変袱綾誨晢鍝侀渶瑕佺壒鍒娉ㄦ剰錛
涓鏄搴撳瓨鍛婃ョ殑錛岃繖綾誨晢鍝侀渶瑕佺壒鍒娉ㄦ剰閬垮厤瓚呭崠錛
浜屾槸鍗犵敤浜嗕富鎺ㄦ鵑檲鍒椾綅緗鐨勶紝鍦ㄥぇ淇冧腑錛屽疂璐電殑闄堝垪浣嶇疆鏄鏈夐檺鐨勶紝榪欑被浼樿川闄堝垪浣嶇疆闇瑕佺暀緇橝綾誨晢鍝佷嬌鐢錛屽洜姝ら渶瑕佸皢鍏墮樀鍒椾綅緗寰鍚庣Щ鍔ㄣ
3錛塁綰у晢鍝侊細
杞鍖栫巼浣庝笖緇忚繃嫻侀噺嫻嬭瘯鐨勫晢鍝侊紝鏍囪頒負C綾誨晢鍝併
C綾誨晢鍝佸簲澶勪簬搴楅摵闃靛垪欏甸潰鐨勫簳絝錛屽熀鏈鏄灞炰簬琚鏀懼純鐨勪竴綾誨晢鍝併備絾鏄錛孋綾誨晢鍝佷腑鏈変竴綾婚渶瑕佺壒鍒娉ㄦ剰錛屽氨鏄鏈夐珮搴撳瓨鐨勶紝鑲嗗竼浜忓彲浠ュ皾璇曚富鍔ㄦ敼鍙樺師瀹氱瓥鐣ヨ傜烇紝璀濡傛崲涓誨浘銆侀檷浠風瓑銆
浠ユ煇鐢靛晢騫沖彴鐨勪竴嬈″弻鍗佷竴淇冮攢榪愯惀媧誨姩涓轟緥錛岀敤ABC鍒嗘瀽娉曡瘎浼頒績閿媧誨姩鐨勭粨鏋滐紝騫舵牴鎹鎯呭喌浼樺寲鍟嗗搧緇撴瀯錛屼互渚挎洿濂藉湴瀵逛笉鍚屾懼瀷鍟嗗搧閲囧彇涓嶅悓鎵嬫碉紝鍒嗛厤涓嶅悓嫻侀噺鍏ュ彛銆
鍒嗘瀽嫻佺▼錛
鎶婂晢鍝佷俊鎮鍔犱笂璇ュ晢鍝佺殑鐑搴︿俊鎮錛屽緱鍒板熀紜鐨勫晢鍝佷俊鎮錛屼互鍙婂晢鍝佺殑涓浜涚儹搴︿俊鎮錛氬姞璐鐗╄濺鏁伴噺錛屾敹鈃忔暟閲忋乽v鏁般
鎬諱綋榪愯惀閮ㄥ垎錛屼富瑕佸叧娉ㄩ攢鍞棰濄佸敭鍗栨瘮銆乁V銆佽漿鍖栫巼絳夋寚鏍囷紝鍏朵粬鎸囨爣浣滀負杈呭姪鎸囨爣銆傞攢鍞棰濈敤鏉ュ拰棰勬湡鐩鏍囧仛瀵規瘮錛屽敭鍗栨瘮鐢ㄦ潵鐪嬪晢鍝佹祦杞鎯呭喌銆
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奼囨誨熀鏈鎸囨爣鏁版嵁錛屽姞鍏ュ悓鏈熸暟鎹錛屼笌褰撴湡鏁版嵁榪涜屽規瘮銆
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鎴戜滑闇瑕佸仛鐨勬槸錛屾繁鍏ユ帰絀朵笉鍚屽尯闂寸殑鏁版嵁錛屼互姝ゆ潵浼樺寲鍚庢湡鐨勪績閿緇撴瀯銆
絎涓姝ワ細鎵懼埌鍦ㄦ湰嬈′績閿涓姝ゅ尯闂寸殑閿鍞婧愭暟鎹錛屾簮鏁版嵁瑕佹眰鏄劇ず鍏蜂綋鐨勬懼彿銆侀攢鍞棰濄侀攢閲忕瓑淇℃伅錛
絎浜屾ワ細璁＄畻鍑烘瘡涓嬈劇殑杞鍖栫巼銆佹姌鎵ｇ巼絳夋暟鎹銆
灝嗕環鏍煎垝鍒嗕負鈥1-200'鈥,鈥200-500鈥,鈥400鍙婁互涓娾濅笁涓鍖洪棿銆
瀵規瘡涓浠鋒牸鍖洪棿鐨勮繍钀ユ椿鍔ㄨ〃鐜板氨浠ヤ笅鎸囨爣榪涜屽垎鏋愶細浠鋒牸鍖洪棿銆佽揣鍊箋佽揣鍊煎崰姣斻侀攢鍞棰濄佸敭鍗栨瘮銆侀攢鍞鍗犳瘮銆侀攢閲忋佸㈠崟浠楓乁V銆佹敹鈃忔暟銆佸姞璐鏁般佽漿鍖栫巼
鐢卞悇浠鋒牸鍖洪棿鍟嗗搧閿鍞琛ㄧ幇鍙浠ワ紝涓変釜鍖洪棿孌電殑鍟嗗搧杞鍖栫巼澶ц嚧鐩稿悓錛200-500浠鋒牸鍖洪棿鐨勫晢鍝侀攢閲忔渶楂橈紝400+鍟嗗搧鐨勯攢鍞閲戦濇渶楂橈紝浣嗘槸閿閲忔渶灝戱紝璐у兼渶楂樸備負浜嗛伩鍏嶈揣鐗╃Н鍘嬶紝灝辮繖涓鍖洪棿榪涜屽垎鏋愩
灝辮繖涓浠鋒牸鍖洪棿鍟嗗搧鐫閲嶆瘮杈冧互涓嬫寚鏍囷細閿鍞棰濓紝閿閲忥紝浠跺崟浠鳳紝瀹㈡埛鏁幫紝UV錛岃漿鎹㈢巼錛屽簱瀛橈紝澶囪揣鍊礆紝鍞鍗栨瘮
鎵懼嚭杞鍖栫巼澶т簬 0.7% 鐨勫晢鍝佷簣浠ヤ繚鐣欍
鎵懼嚭杞鍖栫巼灝忎簬 0.7% 浣嗘槸 鍞鍗栨瘮澶т簬 36% 鐨勫晢鍝佷簣浠ヤ繚鐣欍
鎵懼嚭杞鍖栫巼灝忎簬0.7%騫朵笖鍞鍗栨瘮灝忎簬36%鐨勫晢鍝佽繘琛屾竻浠撳勭悊銆
瀵規瘡涓鎶樻墸鍖洪棿鐨勮繍钀ユ椿鍔ㄨ〃鐜板氨浠ヤ笅鎸囨爣榪涜屽垎鏋愶細鎶樻墸鍖洪棿銆佽揣鍊箋佽揣鍊煎崰姣斻侀攢鍞棰濄佸敭鍗栨瘮銆侀攢鍞鍗犳瘮銆侀攢閲忋佸㈠崟浠楓乁V銆佹敹鈃忔暟銆佸姞璐鏁般佽漿鍖栫巼
鐢卞悇鍖洪棿鐨勯攢鍞鏁版嵁琛ㄧ幇鍙寰楋紝鎶樻墸鍖洪棿鍦0.35-0.4鐨勫晢鍝佺殑璐у箋侀攢鍞閲戦濈瓑鍚勯」鏁版嵁鎸囨爣閮芥槸鏈楂樼殑錛屾墍浠ユ垜浠閫夋嫨 0.35-0.4 鎶樻墸鍖洪棿榪涜屾繁鍏ユ帰絀躲
鐫閲嶈傚療榪欎竴鎶樻墸鍖洪棿鍐呭晢鍝佺殑閿鍞棰濄侀攢閲忋佷歡鍗曚環銆佸㈡埛鏁般乁V銆佽漿鎹㈢巼銆佸簱瀛樸佽揣鍊箋佸敭鍗栨瘮
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鍦ㄦ姌鎵ｇ巼澶т簬37%鐨勯儴鍒嗘壘鍑哄敭鍗栨瘮澶т簬36.5%涓旇漿鍖栫巼澶т簬0.7%鐨勫晢鍝佷簣浠ヤ繚鐣欍
鍦ㄦ姌鎵ｇ巼澶т簬37%鐨勯儴鍒嗘壘鍑哄敭鍗栨瘮灝忎簬36.5%鎴栬漿鍖栫巼灝忎簬0.7%鐨勫晢鍝佽繘琛屾竻浠撳勭悊銆
Out錛
鍦ㄦ姌鎵ｇ巼灝忎簬37%鐨勯儴鍒嗘壘鍑哄敭鍗栨瘮澶т簬36.5%涓旇漿鍖栫巼澶т簬0.7%鐨勯儴鍒嗕簣浠ヤ繚鐣欍
鍦ㄦ姌鎵ｇ巼灝忎簬37%鐨勯儴鍒嗘壘鍑哄敭鍗栨瘮灝忎簬36.5%鎴栬漿鍖栫巼灝忎簬0.7%鐨勯儴鍒嗚繘琛屾竻浠撳勭悊銆
緇撳悎浠鋒牸鍖洪棿鍜屾姌鎵ｅ尯闂達紝鍟嗗搧閿鍞琛ㄧ幇鏁版嵁錛屽氨涓嶅悓嬈懼瀷鍟嗗搧鍒嗛厤涓嶅悓鐨勬祦閲忓叆鍙ｃ
鍦ㄤ竴綰у叆鍙ｄ腑錛岄栭〉鐨勬祦閲忓崰姣旀渶楂橈紝鎴戜滑鍙浠ュ皢鐣呴攢嬈懼竷灞鍦ㄩ栭〉妗ｆ湡嫻併傚湪鍞鍝佷細涓錛屾垜浠闇瑕佷笉鏂鐨勫炲姞鍟嗗搧鏉ヤ繚璇佹垜浠鐨凷KU鏁幫紝瀵逛簬鏂板炵殑鍟嗗搧鎴戜滑涔熶細澧炲姞鍦ㄥ叾涓銆傚逛簬騫抽攢嬈撅紝鎴戜滑灝嗗叾浣滀負蹇鎶㈠拰鐤鎶㈠勭悊銆
B. 鍟嗗搧鍒嗙被鏂規硶鏈変粈涔堬紵
1銆佸晢鍝佸垎綾繪柟娉曟湁錛氱嚎鍒嗙被娉曘侀潰鍒嗙被娉曘佸垎灞傚垎綾繪硶銆佸垎綰у垎綾繪硶銆傚叾涓綰垮垎綾繪硶鏄鎴戝浗閲囩敤鐨勶紝渚濇嵁銆婁腑鍗庝漢鏋ｆ暚姘戝叡鍜屽浗鍥藉舵爣鍑嗭紙GB/T4754鈥94錛夈嬪規垜鍥藉浗姘戠粡嫻庤屼笟榪涜岀殑涓縐嶅垎綾繪柟娉曘
2銆佸晢鍝佸垎綾繪槸鎸囨牴鎹涓瀹氱殑綆＄悊鐩鐨勶紝涓烘弧瓚沖晢鍝佺敓浜с佹祦閫氥佹秷璐規椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栭儴鍒嗛渶瑕侊紝灝嗙＄悊鑼冨洿鍐呯殑鍟嗗搧闆嗗悎鎬諱綋妗ラ攱錛屼互鎵閫夋嫨鐨勯傚綋鐨勫晢鍝佸熀鏈鐗瑰緛浣滀負鍒嗙被鏍囧織錛岄愭″綊綰充負鑻ュ共涓鑼冨洿鏇村皬銆佺壒璐ㄦ洿瓚嬩竴鑷寸殑瀛愰泦鍚堜綋錛堢被鐩錛夛紝渚嬪傚ぇ綾匯佷腑綾匯佸皬綾匯佺粏綾伙紝鐩磋嚦鍝佺嶆晱宀╂檶銆佺粏鐩絳夛紝浠庤屼嬌璇ヨ寖鍥村唴鎵鏈夊晢鍝佸緱浠ユ槑紜鍖哄垎涓庝綋緋誨寲鐨勮繃紼嬨
C. 綆榪板晢鍝佸搧綰х殑鍒掑垎鏂規硶銆
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(1)鍚堟牸鍝佸拰涓嶅悎鏍煎搧銆
(2)浼樼駭鍝併佺瓑綰у搧鍜岀瓑澶栧搧銆
浼樼駭鍝佹槸瀹屽叏絎﹀悎瑕佹眰鐨勫晢鍝侊紱絳夌駭鍝佹槸涓嶅畬鍠勭殑鍟嗗搧浣嗕粛淇濈暀涓瀹氫嬌鐢ㄤ環鍊礆紱絳夊栧搧鏄涓уけ浣跨敤浠峰肩殑鍟嗗搧銆
(3)澶氱駭鍒嗙被銆
澶氱駭鍒嗙被灝辨槸鐢ㄥ嚑涓綰у埆琛ㄧず綆鎴栧晢鍝佺殑璐ㄩ噺銆
鈶犻檺瀹氭硶銆
鈶¤″垎娉曘
鈶㈢櫨鍒嗚板垎娉曘